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Dlinject – Inject A Shared Library (I.E. Arbitrary Code) Into A Live Linux Process, Without Ptrace

Dlinject – Inject A Shared Library (I.E. Arbitrary Code) Into A Live Linux Process, Without Ptrace


Inject a shared library (i.e. arbitrary code) into a live linux process, without ptrace. Inspired by Cexigua and linux-inject, among other things.


Inject a shared library (i.e. arbitrary code) into a live linux process, without ptrace (1)

Usage

    .___.__  .__            __               __
__| _/| | |__| ____ |__| ____ _____/ |_ ______ ___.__.
/ __ | | | | |/ \ | |/ __ \_/ ___\ __\ \____ < | |
/ /_/ | | |_| | | \ | \ ___/\ \___| | | |_> >___ |
\____ | |____/__|___| /\__| |\___ >\___ >__| /\| __// ____|
\/ \/\______| \/ \/ \/|__| \/

source: https://github.com/DavidBuchanan314/dlinject

usage: dlinject.py [-h] [--stopmethod {sigstop,cgroup_freeze,none}]
pid /path/to/lib.so

Inject a shared library into a live process.

positional arguments:
pid The pid of the target process
/path/to/lib.so Path of the shared library to load (note: must be
relative to the target process's cwd, or absolute)< br/>
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
--stopmethod {sigstop,cgroup_freeze,none}
How to stop the target process prior to shellcode
injection. SIGSTOP (default) can have side-effects.
cgroup freeze requires root. 'none' is likely to cause
race conditions.

Why?

  • Because I can.

  • There are various anti-ptrace techniques, which this evades by simply not using ptrace.

  • I don't like ptrace.

  • Using LD_PRELOAD can sometimes be fiddly or impossible, if the process you want to inject into is spawned by another process with a clean environment.

How it Works

  • Send the stop signal to the target process. (optional)

  • Locate the _dl_open() symbol.

  • Retreive RIP and RSP via /proc/[pid]/syscall.

  • Make a backup of part of the stack, and the code we're about to overwrite with our shellcode, by reading from /proc/[pid]/mem.

  • Generate primary and secondary shellcode buffers.

  • Insert primary shellcode at RIP, by writing to /proc/[pid]/mem.

  • The primary shellcode:

    • Pushes common registers to the stack.
    • Loads the secondary shellcode via mmap().
    • Jumps to the secondary shellcode.
  • The secondary shellcode:

    • Restores the stack and program code to their original states.
    • Pivots the stack (so we don't touch the original one at all).
    • Calls _dl_open() to load the user-specified library. Any constructors will be executed on load, as usual.
    • Restores register state, un-pivots the stack, and jumps back to where it was at the time of the original SIGSTOP.

Limitations:

  • Sending SIGSTOP may cause unwanted side-effects, for example if another thread is waiting on waitpid(). The --stopmethod=cgroup_freeze option avoids this, but requires root (on most distros, at least).

  • I'm not entirely sure how this will interact with complex multi-threaded applications. There's certainly potential for breakage.

  • x86-64 Linux only (for now - 32-bit support could potentially be added).

  • Requires root, or relaxed YAMA configuration (echo 0 | sudo tee /proc/sys/kernel/yama/ptrace_scope is useful when testing).

  • If the target process is sandboxed (e.g. seccomp filters), it might not have permission to mmap() the second stage shellcode, or to dlopen() the library.